24 June 2023 With the gradual disappearance of the last survivors of the Shoah, these testimonies are all the more precious. Even more so in this period of rising populism. Claude Bloch, now 94 years old, is the last survivor of Auschwitz in Lyon. Arrested in June 1944, he was interned in Montluc before being deported. He still speaks regularly in schools. ...
Plus d'infosContenus associés au mot-clé “deportation”
Ostrava
The city of Ostrava is best known for its economic activity. It was one of the great coal mining regions and a major ironworks. The Jewish presence in the city was rather late, being limited by the local authorities. There are records of a Jewish resident renting a distillery in 1786. A community was slowly formed, officially taking shape in 1875 with about 60 members. A Jewish cemetery was ...
Plus d'infosOsoblaha
Osoblaha is a Silesian village popular with contemporary tourists for its medieval buildings. The Jewish presence probably dates back to this period and was quite stable over the centuries until the 18th century. Jewish refugees from Vienna and Poland settled here. The Jewish community in Osoblaha included the presence of prominent rabbis. The number of Jews declined especially at the ...
Plus d'infosOlomouc
Olomouc was the capital of Moravia from the 14th to the 17th centuries and a major trading town at that time. The Jewish presence is very old and seems to date from the 11th century. Documents from the Middle Ages have been found which attest to the payment of taxes by the Jews to the local authorities. The Jews of Olomouc were expelled in 1454 and their property seized. Nevertheless, some ...
Plus d'infosKojetin
Kojetin is a Moravian town that has been known as a commercial crossroads for centuries and now hosts many cultural events. The Jewish presence in Kojetin seems to date back to at least the 13th century, although the earliest documents found attesting to this date from 1566. They mention the presence of 52 Jewish families in Judengasse. In the 16th century there was a and a . The synagogue ...
Plus d'infosExhibition 236 – Land(es)capes from the 20th Convoy
Until 14 August 2023 in the Jewish Museum of Belgium On 19 April 1943, the 20th convoy left the transit camp of Mechelen to deport 1,631 Jews to Auschwitz. Resistance actions from both inside and outside the wagons saved 236 of these deportees, who were thus able to jump from the train that was destined for extermination. The contemporary Belgian artist Jo Struyven presents his photographs of ...
Plus d'infosExhibition Homosexuals and Lesbians in Nazi Europe
From 16 February to 10 December 2023 at the Kazerne Dossin The exhibition presents a little-known aspect of the Second World War: the fate of homosexuals in various countries such as Belgium, France, the Netherlands and Germany. Numerous unpublished documents illustrate the persecution suffered by homosexual men and women under the Nazi regime. In Germany, 100,000 homosexuals were registered, ...
Plus d'infosBrno
Brno is the capital of Moravia. The Jewish presence dates back to at least the 13th century, when the local authorities invited them to settle there without the discriminatory measures imposed in other places at that time. This warm welcome encouraged development and by 1348 there were almost 1000 Jews living there. Graves from this period have even been found. However, the Jews were expelled ...
Plus d'infosAusterlitz
Austerlitz, Slavkov u Brna in Czech, is a town most famous for the Napoleonic battle of 1806. The Jewish presence in Moravia is one of the oldest, with a Jewish cemetery dating from the 12th century. Among the illustrious figures from the town is the author of the Sefer ha-Minhagim (1294), Moses ben Tobiah. There was also a yeshiva in Austerlitz at that time. At the beginning of the 17th ...
Plus d'infosChodova Plana
Chodova Plana is a town known as an old trade route, for its mines and brewery and the long-standing fights between nobles to rule it. The Jewish presence probably dates from the end of the 16th century. A synagogue was mentioned in 1645, as well as an , where a few hundred graves are located. Threatened with expulsion on several occasions, a Jewish community continued to live there. About ...
Plus d'infosZatec
Zatec is an ancient royal city, dating back to at least the 11th century. The Jewish presence in Zatec is very old, dating back to at least the 14th century. However, following attacks and expulsion, their official return only took place at the end of the 19th century. Indeed, only two Jewish families lived in Zatec in 1852. A was opened in 1869 and a inaugurated three years later. At its ...
Plus d'infosVotice
Votice is a fairly old town in Bohemia. The Jewish presence dates back at least to the 16th century, with a document from 1538 referring to the town’s Jewish cemetery. About ten Jewish families lived in Votice at that time. A synagogue was built in 1661 (and demolished in 1950). About 50 Jewish families lived there at the turn of the 19th century, most of them working as seed merchants, ...
Plus d'infosUsti Nad Labem
Usti Nad Labem is a town of Czech nobility and is known for its chemical industry. The Jewish presence in Usti Nad Labem dates back to at least the 16th century, but was very irregular, as it was restricted by the authorities. It was not until 1848 that Jews were able to settle there officially. Thus the Jewish population of Usti Nad Labem increased from about 100 in 1880 to almost 1000 in ...
Plus d'infosMlada Boleslav
Mlada Boleslav is an old Bohemian town that developed in the industrial age thanks to the automobile industry. The Jewish presence dates back to at least the 15th century, according to written documents of the time. About ten Jewish families lived in Mlada Boleslav in 1570 and had a synagogue. The dates from 1584. The Jewish population was 120 in 1615. They were mainly active in the transport ...
Plus d'infosKlatovy
Klatovy is a Bohemian town known for its old markets on the roads to nearby larger towns. The Jewish presence in Klatovy has been documented since the 14th century, but was not very present in the following centuries until the 19th century. In the middle of the 19th century, Jews, mostly from the surrounding villages, established a community in Klatovy. A synagogue and a cemetery were opened ...
Plus d'infosCarlsbad
Carlsbad, Karlovy Vary in Czech, is a city famous for its spa complex and its festival. The Jewish presence in Carlsbad was “only intermittent” until the middle of the 19th century, being forbidden to stay there and mainly coming to work occasionally from surrounding villages. Others came on holiday. The Jewish communities in Vienna, Prague and Berlin contributed to the creation ...
Plus d'infosBenesov
Benesov is a town in Bohemia, whose name is derived from its medieval rulers. The Jewish presence dates back to at least the 15th century, making it one of the oldest in the region. Nevertheless, the community consisted of only a handful of members until the middle of the 19th century. In 1893, the Jews of Benesov and the surrounding villages numbered just under 800 people. The number ...
Plus d'infosBechyne
Bechyne is a fortified town in the Bohemian region near the Luznice River. It dates back to the Middle Ages and was an important regional centre. It is best known today as a thalassotherapy centre. The Jewish presence in Bechyne dates back to at least the 16th century, as evidenced by administrative documents showing a conflict of interest. The Jewish community consisted of 81 people in 1715 ...
Plus d'infosTours
The Jewish presence in the city of Tours dates from at least the 6th century. In the Middle Ages there was a rue de la Juiverie, as well as a Jewish cemetery. However, as in all cities of France, this ancient presence came to an abrupt end with the expulsions of the late Middle Ages. Unlike many cities, the emancipation of Jews from France following the Revolution was slow to materialize in ...
Plus d'infosCenter for the History of the Resistance and Deportation
14 Avenue Berthelot, 69007 Lyon Tel : 04 72 73 99 00 https://www.chrd.lyon.fr/
Plus d'infosJean Moulin Center of Bordeaux
48 rue Vital Carles, 33000 Bordeaux Tél : 05 56 10 19 90
Plus d'infosRotterdam
In 1610, the city fathers of Rotterdam issued permits to engage in trade within the city to small number of Portuguese Jewish merchants. The permits guaranteed freedom of worship and the right to build a synagogue and establish a cemetery. In 1612, these provisions were challenged by the local Remonstrant Church. This prompted a number of Jewish families to depart Rotterdam for Amsterdam. ...
Plus d'infosCluj
Cluj is today Transylvania’s most important city. The Jewish presence became significant here only starting in the late eighteenth century. The community, divided between those of Orthodox faith and Reformists, was uniformly annihilated in Auschwitz following imprisonment within the city’s ghetto. Only a few dozen Jews live in Cluj today, the rare survivors of the Shoah here ...
Plus d'infosPrzemysl
The last Polish city before the Ukrainian border and former Austrian Fortress that fell to the Russians in the first World War, Przemysl is also a city with a strong Jewish community dating going as far back as the twelfth century, perhaps even the eleventh century. Before the Second World War, 20000 Jews lived here, or 40% of the population. In September 1939, after several days of German ...
Plus d'infosRzeszów
Jews began to settle in Rzeszów in the fifteenth century and, in the seventeenth century, built two synagogues, both of which remain, almost side by side. They are fairly easy to find, located right in the city center. , dating from the first years of the seventeenth century, today houses the city archives. It is rather small, but well restored on the outside. A Star of David can still be ...
Plus d'infosTykocin
From Bialystok, a detour toward Tykocin is imperative: it has effectively preserved the structure and architecture of an old shtetl. This town, tiny today, was in times past more important than Bialystok, with a larger and older Jewish community. The community dates back to 1522 and was, in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, one of the most prominent in Poland. Like Bialystok, in ...
Plus d'infosTreblinka
Arriving in Treblinka by train recalls the horror of the Warsaw Ghetto inhabitants’ final trip from the Umschlagplatz to the gaz chambers. To reach Treblinka from Malkinia, the railway line follows hairpin switches: the train must therefore stop and travel in reverse, with the locomotive pushing the cars toward the camp, as explained by railroad worker Henryk Galkowski in Shoah, a train ...
Plus d'infosLodz
Lodz is a large Polish industrial city where a significant Jewish working class, along with merchants and rich industrialists, were concentrated in the nineteenth century. A fine representation of the reality of life in nineteenth-century Lodz can be seen in Andrezej Wajda’s 1974 film Ziemia Obiecana (Promised Land). Under the occupation, the Lodz ghetto (with more than 150000 people) ...
Plus d'infosDrente-Westerbork
A memorial was erected in 1983 in the former transit and deportation camp in the northeastern Netherlands. It depicts two broken railway tracks, a symbol of the dead trains. The monument was designed by the Jewish artist Ralph Prins, who was deported from this camp as an infant. In addition to the monument, the Dutch government added in 1992 a paving of 104000 bricks (corresponding to the ...
Plus d'infosLes Milles
When war was declared in September 1939, the authorities opened an assembly camp in a tile works in the village Les Milles. Here they assembled foreign nationals from the hostile powers: anti-Nazi Germans and Austrians, Jews, and refugees. Among them were members of the émigré intelligentsia: Max Ernst, Hans Bellmer, Max Lingner. After the defeat of the French army and the armistice, the camp ...
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