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An was opened during the Second World War near the village of Fossoli. Established by the Italian army in 1942, it served as a prison for Allied soldiers, mainly British. Following the German occupation of the country and with the participation of local soldiers, the prisoners were deported to concentration camps. Within a few weeks, almost 1000 Jews were imprisoned there. In all, 5,000 ...
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The Compiègne Memorial was inaugurated in 2008. Since then, more than 90000 people visited the museum. Between 1941 and 1944, this camp was one of the principal transit points of France. About 45000 were imprisoned in Compiègne: political prisoners, mostly communists, and foreigners (Russians, Americans and Jews). The museum is now housed in the barracks.
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Trondheim’s synagogue is doubly unusual: it is the northernmost synagogue in Europe and the only one that has served as a train station, before the building became a synaogue in 1925!! Jews first settled in Trondheim in the 1880s. They quickly became very integrated, participation in all economical, social and cultural aspects of life. The Jewish community in Trondheim has never really ...
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Of interest in Klooga is the Shoah Victims’ memorial. A concentration camp occupied the site and another was in Vaivara. Between August and September 1943, the 9,000 people still present in the Vilnius ghetto were sent to the concentration camps in Estonia. The three main camps were those of Valveira, Klooga and Lagedi. Each of these camps kept nearly 3,000 people. About 20 other ...
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The last Polish city before the Ukrainian border and former Austrian Fortress that fell to the Russians in the first World War, Przemysl is also a city with a strong Jewish community dating going as far back as the twelfth century, perhaps even the eleventh century. Before the Second World War, 20000 Jews lived here, or 40% of the population. In September 1939, after several days of German ...
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Jews settled in Rymanów so long ago that there exists no document mentioning their arrival. In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, the inhabitants of the city lived mainly from the cultivation of the vines and the wine trade, activity in which the Jewish community held a preponderant place. In 1765, a thousand Jews lived in Rymanów, or 43% of the population. In the eighteenth century, ...
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Jews began to settle in Rzeszów in the fifteenth century and, in the seventeenth century, built two synagogues, both of which remain, almost side by side. They are fairly easy to find, located right in the city center. , dating from the first years of the seventeenth century, today houses the city archives. It is rather small, but well restored on the outside. A Star of David can still be ...
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Arriving in Treblinka by train recalls the horror of the Warsaw Ghetto inhabitants’ final trip from the Umschlagplatz to the gaz chambers. To reach Treblinka from Malkinia, the railway line follows hairpin switches: the train must therefore stop and travel in reverse, with the locomotive pushing the cars toward the camp, as explained by railroad worker Henryk Galkowski in Shoah, a train ...
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The lovely little garrison town of Terezín in the same region was created at the end of the eighteenth century during the reign of Joseph II. In 1942, the Nazis totally emptied the city of its 7000 inhabitants -with the exception of Jewish families- and transformed in into a ghetto and transit center for Czech Jews of the capital and surrounding lands. Some 57000 Jews were held ...
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Twenty countries have participated in events commemorating the murder of 150000 people here during the Second World War, one-third of whom were Jewish. Mauthausen was classified by the SS administration as a “Category 3” camp; this category of camp corresponded to the harshest possible treatment. The prisoners sent here were designated “return undesirable” and destined ...
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The concentration camps situated in the territory of the former GDR (Sachsenhausen, Buchenwald) have been transformed into memorials. The transformation was a way for the Communist regime to tell its own version of the story of Nazi resistance. The victims of the camp are gathered together under the rubric “antifascists”, and emphasis os on the role of deported Communists in the ...
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When war was declared in September 1939, the authorities opened an assembly camp in a tile works in the village Les Milles. Here they assembled foreign nationals from the hostile powers: anti-Nazi Germans and Austrians, Jews, and refugees. Among them were members of the émigré intelligentsia: Max Ernst, Hans Bellmer, Max Lingner. After the defeat of the French army and the armistice, the camp ...
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