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The first Jews probably settled in Mir in the 17th century. On the eve of the Second World War, 2400 members of the community lived there, half of the city’s population. A famous Lithuanian yeshiva participated in the influence of this city for the Jews of Europe. All of Mir’s Jews were murdered by bullets, except 200 who escaped the day before the last German shooting in August ...
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In 1610, the city fathers of Rotterdam issued permits to engage in trade within the city to small number of Portuguese Jewish merchants. The permits guaranteed freedom of worship and the right to build a synagogue and establish a cemetery. In 1612, these provisions were challenged by the local Remonstrant Church. This prompted a number of Jewish families to depart Rotterdam for Amsterdam. ...
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Archaeologists have discovered an oil lamp dating from the 4th century. A menorah was found on it. Documentary evidence of Jews living in Augsburg dates from 1212. Records from the second half of the 13th century show a well-organized community, and mention the Judenhaus (1259), the synagogue and cemetery (1276), the ritual bathhouse, and “dancehouse” for weddings (1290). ...
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A Jewish community is first mentioned in Leipzig at the end of the 12th century; and an organized community with a synagogue and a school existed from the second quarter of the 13th century. Its central location attracted Jewish traders from all over Europe to the Trade Fair. The fair regulations of Leipzig of 1268 guaranteed protection to all merchants, and moved the day of the market from ...
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Most of the Jewish sites in beautiful Tbilisi are concentrated in the old city, in the neighborhoods along the left bank of the Kura River. Starting from the Vakhtang Gogasali Square (Meidan Square), located near the traditional Persian baths, take the main street of the old town, Kote Afkhazi Street, which you will go up a hundred meters to see on your left the Built at the beginning of the ...
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Not far from Tbilisi, about 90 kilometers away, is the town of Gori, the birthplace of Joseph Stalin, to whom a museum is dedicated. The marshroutka is the most economical way: departure every 20 minutes or so from Didube bus station in Tbilisi for about one euro (3 GEL) and one hour and a half. You can otherwise go by taxi, for about twenty euros. At 25 Kasteli Street, on the first floor of ...
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As you can discover on the page devoted to the Georgian capital, Tbilisi is home to a number of sites linked to Jewish cultural heritage in the old town. One of these is the astonishing synagogue built of red bricks. Less expected in the region is a small synagogue in Gori, the birthplace of Stalin!
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Large city on the shores of the Black Sea and important seaside resort, Batumi still has some Jewish sites. From Tbilisi, the easiest and most pleasant way is to go by train (about 5 hours, about fifteen dollars). Beautiful white building, is located at number 33 Vazha-Pshavela street, in the old town, which you will reach from the station along the waterfront. It was built between 1900 and ...
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A very interesting encounter with Georgian Judaism is possible by visiting the village of Akhaltsikhe. Located on the road to Batumi, the second largest city in the country, Akhaltsikhe is accessible from Tbilisi either by minibus or taxi, about three hours drive. You can also take the train to Moliti station, then taxi to Akhaltsikhe. It is in the old district of Rabati, located in the city ...
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On this road you’ll find the town of Akhaltsikhe, with its ancient Rabati quarter housing the country’s oldest synagogue, as well as another built in the 20th century. Once you’ve crossed the road and set down your bags in Batumi, you’ll be dazzled by the synagogue built between 1900 and 1904 on the Tsar’s authorisation!
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In the north of the country, the city of Oni, about 200 kilometers from Tbilisi, is home to a wonderful in excellent condition, located on Baazovi Street. Built in the 1890s according to the plans of an architect from Poland and Jewish workers from Salonika, this beautiful Moorish-style building housed the third largest community in the country after Tbilisi and Kutaisi in the early ...
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The second largest city in the country of Georgia, Kutaisi is located just over 200 kilometers northwest of Tbilisi. The cheapest way to get there from the capital is the minibus (about 4 hours drive, 3 euros), and the most pleasant the train (about 5:30 of journey, a dozen euros). The Jewish community of Kutaisi was one of the largest in Georgia. It was located in a neighborhood on either ...
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Surprising discoveries await you in northern Georgia. From Kutaisi, with its great synagogue dating from the late 19th century and its famous translator Boris Gaponov, to Oni, with its sublime synagogue dating from the same period and recently restored.
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The Jewish community of Erfurt first appears in the historical record in the late 11th century, with the earliest recorded building of the synagogue dating from then. For centuries Jews and Christians lived side by side in the centre of town. There is more detailed evidence from the 13th century. We learn from tax lists and deeds that Erfurt Jews worked in banking, and dealt not only with ...
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Obenmarspforten 1, 50667 Köln, Allemagne +49 221 22133422 https://www.museenkoeln.de/archaeologische-zone/
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The history of the Jews in Cologne is documented from the year 321 AD, almost as long as the history of Cologne. Over its history, the Jewish community of Cologne has suffered persecutions, many expulsions, massacres and destruction. The community numbered about 19,500 people before its dispersal, murders and destruction in the 1930s by the Nazis before and during World War II. The community ...
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Straddling Europe and Asia, Georgia, situated between the eastern shores of the Black Sea and the high mountains of the Caucasus, is a land of plenty, rich in exceptional nature and in historical heritage. Well preserved, it was praised by Pushkin, Alexander Dumas, or Lermontov. The Georgian nation, whose genesis goes back to the kingdom of Colchis, is evoked in the myths of the Golden Fleece ...
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In 1815, North African Jews whose ancestors had been expelled from Spain came to the Azores. The island was duty free and allowed them to import and resell to local businesses. In 1820, the Portuguese liberal revolution led to religious diversity. In 2004, a genetic study concluded that 13,4% of the Y chromosome of Azoreans is of Jewish origins, a fact that suggests the importance of the ...
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This village, located outside Vila Nova de Paiva, welcomes a small Jewish Memory Center which is dedicated to the history of the presence of the Jewish community in the region. Located in a eighteenth century building, the well documented exhibition follows history through the eyes of the community. Go to the tourist office as you enter the village.
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Bragança is a medieval hilltop town in northern Portugal, 22 kilometres from Spain. Although there seems to be no record of a Jewish presence in Bragança in the 12th century, the royal privileges of 1187 mention the penalties for attacking a Jew on arrival. In exchange for this royal protection, the community had to pay high taxes. During the reign of Alfonso IV (1325-1357), the city’s ...
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Located an hour drive from Jaen, Úbeda’s story is similar to the one of the Jewish community in Jaen. But since the accidental discovery of -maybe the most ancient synagogue in the country- the city became a not to be missed destination is Spain. The Synagogue of Water was discovered during building works carried out in several real estate properties located in the heart of the historic ...
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The presence of a Jewish community in Jaen is first recorded in 612 when a king’s edict forbade Jews to own Christian slaves. If the Jewish population reached its peak during the seventh century, there were most probably Jews already during the Roman period. The geographer Abd al Nur Al-Himyari mentions during the ninth century a mikveh in Jaen, known as Isaac bath. The walls of the ...
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It is unknown how far in the past a Jewish community existed in Izmir. When we speak of the Jews of Izmir, usually the Sephardic Jews who immigrated from Spain and Portugal between 1492 and 1497 come to mind. However, it has been proven that there was a Jewish settlement in Izmir as soon as the antique age. There is an evidence that a Jewish community existed in Izmir during the ...
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The Jewish presence in Ingwiller seems to date from 1347, the date of an administrative document attesting to this. Under the regency of the Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg, they enjoyed greater individual and economic freedom than many other towns in the region. The Jewish community grew throughout the 18th century, from 13 families in 1716 to 25 in 1766. The development of spiritual life ...
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The Jewish presence in Hochfelden seems to date from the 16th century. Built in 1841 and a historical monument since 1996, the synagogue of Hochfelden is a classic example of Alsatian synagogue architecture. It was preceded and even accompanied by another synagogue, built in the 17th century. Next to the synagogue was a mikveh, the former rabbi’s house and a Jewish school. The synagogue ...
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Haguenau is one of the oldest Jewish communities in Alsace. The Jews lived there almost without interruption since the Middle Ages, probably in the 12th century, and enjoyed the same freedoms as the other inhabitants, except for a few episodes, mainly of a more national scope, affecting all regions. The Jewish population increased from 34 families in 1735 to 64 in 178. The first synagogue was ...
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The Jewish presence in the villages surrounding Haguenau seems to date at least from the 14th century. In Ettendorf in particular, two Jewish families are recorded in administrative documents in 1449. In the Middle Ages, Ettendorf was home to a large Jewish community and many scholars who came to study in its famous rabbinical school, sometimes with more than a hundred students. Ettendorf is ...
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The Jews of Erstein were not allowed to settle in the city until 1850. Some were allowed to work there during the day, but had to return in the evening to the towns in the region that were more open to Jewish emancipation. The synagogue was inaugurated in 1882. It was destroyed in April 1941 by the Nazis, its contents auctioned off at that time. Of the 100 Jews living in Erstein in 1939, only ...
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The Jewish presence in Diemeringen seems to date from the 17th century. Only 14 Jewish families lived there on the eve of the French Revolution. The community of Diemeringen was organized – synagogue, religious school and mikveh – around the rue des Juifs (today rue du Vin). The community grew mainly in the 19th century, reaching 139 people in 1870. The war, and then the rural ...
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The Jewish community of Dambach-la-Ville dates back to the seventeenth century and so is the synagogue which was renovated in 1850. After the community disappeared, it was donated to the town in 1947 and transformed into a theatre. Renovation work, including the installation of an air conditioning system, led to the discovery in 2012 of a formidable treasure: a genizah (a ritual repository of ...
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