France / Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
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The presence of Mâcon Jews has been documented since 820 during pressure against the Jews to convert. But their presence dates from at least the 6th century. A good part of these were then wine growers. A Jewish quarter was located in Bourgneuf. The has medieval Jewish tombstones. Following the expulsion of the Jews in 1394, a small community was finally able to rebuild there ...
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If the origin of the Jovignian Jews is not certain, its medieval presence is notably noted by the number of Tossafists who lived in the city in the 12th century. Among them, Menahem Perez de Joigny and Yom Tov Ben Isaac de Joigny. Other eminent scholars followed before the expulsion of the 14th century. The emancipation of the Jews of France through the French Revolution will not bring many ...
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The first documented traces of the presence of Dijon Jews date from the end of the 12th century. They lived mainly on rue de la Petite-Juiverie, currently called , rue des Juifs, currently and rue de la Grande-Juiverie, currently . The synagogue was on the first of these streets. A Jewish cemetery was located in what is now rue Berlier. About fifty Jewish tumular stones were discovered there ...
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Rue de la Draperie, 89000 Auxerre
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The presence of Chalonnais Jews dates to at least the 9th century, according to period documents relating to forced conversions. Some dating from the 12th century evoke the profession of winegrower exercised in particular by Jews from Chalon. The Jewish community had a cemetery located on what is now rue des Places and a mikvah in Saint-Jean-des-Vignes. Rue des Juifs was located on what is ...
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The Jewish presence in Besançon seems to date from the 1st century; at least it is attested to the time by official documents. The Jewish quarter was historically around the Doubs river. Rue Juive was located on what is now . The Jewish cemetery was located opposite the Porte de Charmont. The Bisontine Jews were expelled in the 15th century. They were allowed to do this very sparingly. ...
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The city bears the name of Bagnos (“small bath”) which will be completed in Baigneux-les-Juifs following the arrival of many Jews in this new agglomeration. The Jewish presence seems to date from the 13th century. The medieval synagogue was located . However, as in many other places in France in the end of the Middle Ages, the Jews were expelled from the city.
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The presence of Auxerre Jews in the capital of Yonne is attested by a letter from Rashi to the Talmudists in the region. One of the Jewish quarters was near Porte Féchelle. The old rue du Puits des Juifs is now . A stone on a wall of the contains a Hebrew inscription. Jews were expelled from the city several times between 1184 and 1393. The Auxerre Jews will once again be part of the city ...
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Numerous epigraphic traces attest to the presence of Jews in Pompeii before the city was destroyed by the volcanic eruption of Vesuvius in 79. They also lived in the towns near Herculaneum and Stabia. Names of Jewish personalities have been found, such as Fabius Eupor and Youdaikos. Historian Flavius Joseph mentions that a descendant of King Herod died during the eruption. In the ruins of ...
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The Jewish presence in Capua appears to date from the end of the Roman Empire. The ancestors of the liturgical poet Ahimaatz ben Paltiel lived in this city, occupying important roles in the financial management of Capua. According to Benjamin de Tudèle, who passed there, 300 Jews lived there in the middle of the 12th century. Between this period and the 15th century, Jews engaged in other ...
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It seems that the Jewish presence in Benevento dates back to at least the 5th century. A yeshiva was established there in the 11th century by Hananeel ben Paltiel, a member of the family of the liturgical poet Ahimaatz ben Paltiel. Benjamin of Tudela noted there the presence of 200 Jewish families. Which did not undergo the same expulsions from the Kingdom of Naples as the other communities, ...
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The first traces of the Jewish presence in Amalfi date back to the 10th century. Letters found in the genizah of Cairo attest to this in particular. This small community worked mainly in clothing and silk in particular. An international trade with exchanges in Egypt, hence the indications of these letters. Benjamin de Tudèle mentions there the presence of about twenty families in 1159, ...
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The Jewish presence in Reggio seems to date from the 4th century. However, official documents tracing this presence date from the 12th century. As in various towns in the region, the Jews worked mainly in the field of silk and wool. The first Hebrew books printed in Europe were printed in Reggio by Abraham Garton in 1475. The first Hebrew commentaries on the Hagaddah were also published there ...
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In 2007, this small town in Calabria inaugurated the first synagogue opened in the region in 500 years. A project made possible thanks to the dedication of Barbara Aiello who was the first female rabbi in Italy, since 2004. Born in the United States, her family was originally from this city. Barbara Aiello’s father, who grew up there, participated as a soldier in the liberation of ...
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The Jewish presence in Catanzaro dates from the end of the 11th century. In 1073, Robert Guiscard, the Norman conqueror, invited them to develop silk weaving there. They allowed the city to become the hotspot of this specialty in Italy, popular throughout this region. Benjamin of Tudela attested to the Jewish presence in it and its development. However, after two centuries of a relatively ...
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The Jewish presence in Venosa dates back to Roman times. Hebrew inscriptions have been found on site probably dating from the 3rd century. Funeral inscriptions present in have been discovered over time by archeological endeavors. These finds so far attest to 75 inscriptions present, but access to the catacombs has been complicated for a long time. In particular at such sites to be seen in ...
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The Jewish presence in Aquila seems to date from the end of the 13th century. Ladislaus, the King of Naples, allowed two Jewish families to settle there and carry on business activities. Authorizations were issued and then withdrawn over the centuries according to the variable geometry leniency of political and religious leaders. Thus, in 1488, following particularly hostile sermons against ...
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The South is very different from the rest of the Italian peninsula because of the Jewish presence that was brutally interrupted by the expulsion of 1510, as this is reflected in the rather small archaeological heritage. In Calabria, Jews did not live in the isolation of ghettos, but in their own neighborhoods, the “Giudecche”. Near Vibo Valentia (formerly Monteleone), on the ...
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The Jewish presence in Chinon seems to date from the 12th century. Administrative documents attest to this from the following century. Most of the Jews lived in the rue de la Juiverie, near the Palais de Justice in Chinon. There was then a synagogue, a mikvah and a renowned study center. On August 27, 1321, following a false accusation (frequent at the time) of poisoning wells, the 160 Jews ...
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The Jewish presence in Bourges seems to date from the 6th century. Following a refusal to convert to Christianity, the Jews were expelled from the city in the 7th century. Administrative documents attest to a Jewish quarter in 1020, south of the city. It seems that a building at the corner of rue des Bourbonnoux and served as a synagogue in the Middle Ages. There would have been another ...
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The Jewish presence in the city of Tours dates from at least the 6th century. In the Middle Ages there was a rue de la Juiverie, as well as a Jewish cemetery. However, as in all cities of France, this ancient presence came to an abrupt end with the expulsions of the late Middle Ages. Unlike many cities, the emancipation of Jews from France following the Revolution was slow to materialize in ...
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Unlike the majority of other cities in the region, the Jewish presence is attested in Orléans from the 6th century. In 585, the Orléans Jews participated in the welcoming ceremony in homage to King Gontran. It seems that they asked him for the possibility of building a new synagogue following the destruction of the previous one. The Jewish community of Orleans was quite large in number in the ...
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The Jewish presence in Chartres seems to date from the 12th century, documents attest to it for 1130. Places still mark this presence, such as the . The old synagogue would have been located where the Saint-Hilaire hospital is now. At the end of the 19th century, dwellings in the streets of the Jews will be sources of inspiration for the novel La Terre by Emile Zola. Among the ...
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The Jewish presence in Blois seems to date from the end of the 10th century. But the city was infamous for the first anti-Semitic charge of ritual murder in 1171. About 40 Jews lived there then. Isaac Ben Eleazar was accused of having thrown a child in the Loire. 33 Jews were imprisoned and murdered following this false accusation based on unfounded rumors and the transmission of anti-Semitic ...
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Like the city of Tallinn, the Jewish community of Tartu was founded mainly by retired Russian soldiers, previously stationed in the city. Thus, the former soldiers of Nicholas built a synagogue in 1876 in the city of Tartu. By the turn of the 20th century, there were nearly 1,800 Jews in the city and thriving educational institutions. Among them is the Association for the Study of Jewish ...
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At the end of the 18th century, with the emancipation of the Jews in the country, the city of Norrköping, like Goteborg and Stockholm, hosted its first synagogue, built by Jacob Marcus. Another place previously hosted Jewish ceremonies. The current was built in the mid-19th century by architects Edvard Meden and Carl Stal. Due to the decline of the city’s Jewish population, the ...
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The Jewish presence in Sarreguemines seems to date from the 13th century. However, the sustainability of this installation will only take place with the wind of emancipation of the French Revolution. A rabbinical seat was created in the city in 1791. There were 350 Jews from Sarreguemines in 1861. That year, a Byzantine-style synagogue was built on rue de la Chapelle. The Jewish population ...
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